Regarding about Tribhuwan University

v08–!

kl/ro

!= cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld M

       lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIffzf:q ;+sfo cGtu{t :gfts tx t[tLo jif{sf] cEof; lzIf0f sf] cf+lzs cfjZostf k"/f ug{ ;fg]l7dL SofDk;,eQmk'/n] cEof; lzIf0f sfo{sf nflu o; ljBfnodf v6fPcg'?k o; ljBfnodf cfO{ 5fq lzIfssf ?kdf cWoog ul//x]sf] / pQm cEof; lzIf0f sfo{ ;dfKt ug{sf nflu ljBfno k|ltj]bg ;d]t tof/ kfg'{kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] sfo{sf nflu o;} ljBfnonfO{ 5gf]6 u/L of] k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg]{ k|of; ul/Psf] xf] .  

@= cWoogsf] cf}lrTo M

       ljz]iftM g]kfnsf] zx/L If]q To; dfly klg sf7df08f} pkTosf leq dflg;x?sf] c+u|hL dfWodaf6 k9fO x'g] ;+:yfut cfjfl;o ljBfnok|ltsf] ab\bf] cfsif{0f / ;/sf/L ljBfnok|lt sd rf;f] / ljsi{f0f /xL /x]sf] at{dfg k/LkIfdf sf7df08f} pkTosf To; dfly klg o; leqsf] d'Vo zx/L hLjgaf6 k|efljt /lxt ltnuufdf cjl:yt o; ljBfnodf ljBfly{x?sf] rfk pNn]Vo ?kdf /x]sf] tyf o; ljBfnosf] sIff ;+/rgf ;+:yfut ljBfnosf] ;/x /x]sf] tYonfO{ x[boËd u/L c+u|hLs/0f a9\bf] ePsf] c+u|hL ljBfnok|lt cfsli{ft / ;fd'bflos ljBfno eGbf lgs} v'DRofpg] ;+:sf/sf] afjh't klg o; ljBfnon] cfkm"nfO{ Pp6f plrt z}lIfs ;+:yfsf ?kdf :yflkt ug{ ;kmn ePsf] ;Gbe{df o;sf z}lIfs sfo{qmd / efjL /0fgLltx? s] s:tf 5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] cWoog u/L ;f]sf] ;To tYo kf7s ;dIf Nofpg' :j5gLgLo 7fgL of] cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] .

#= cWoogsf] p2]Zo M

sf7df08f} dfxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+ ( df cj:yLt o; >L zf/bf pRr dfjL laBfnosf] cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg{sf nflu ;xL lbzf af]w ldnf];\ / cWoog cy{k"0f{ tyf ;fy{s agf];\ eGg] clek|fon] o; cWoogdf lgDg lnlvt p2]Zox? /flvPsf 5g\ M

-s_ ljBfnosf] P]ltxfl;s, ;fdflhs, ef}lts cj:yfsf] klxrfg ug{ .

-v_ ljBfnosf] z}lIfs hfgfsf/L lng .

-u_ ljBfnosf cfly{s >f]t, vr{ ljj/0f, eflj /0fgLlt Pj+d\ r'gf}ltx? kQf nufO{                     ltgsf] lg/fs/0f ug{ .

$= cWoogsf] dxTj M

sf7df08f} dfxfgu/kflnsf j8f g=+ ( df  ;~rflnt >L zf/bf pRr df=lj  + ljBfnosf] jf/]df ljleGg If]qaf6 cWoog cg';Gwfg ul/P klg kof{Kt dfqfdf hfgsf/Lx? ;To tYo ?kdf phfu/ gePsf] dx;'; u/L tL sdLsdhf]/Lx? lg?k0f ug{ tyf o; ljBfnosf] oyfy{ j:t' l:ylt kf7s ;fd' NofO{ o;sf] jf/]df yk hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg] Pjd\ k'/fgf cWoogx?nfO{ cWofjlws ub]{ n}hfg] clek|fon] of] cWoog ug]{ sf]l;; ul/Psf] xf] . k|:t't cWoogaf6 o; ljBfnosf af/]df hfgsf/L lng rfxg] lh1f;' kf7sx?sf ;fy} o; ljBfnosf] z'e]R5'sx? ;d]t nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ eGg] cfzf Pjd\ ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 .

%= cWoogsf] ;Ldf M

;fdfGotof cWoogsf] If]q Jofks x'g] x'Fbf o;nfO{ lglZrt qmddf / ;Ldfdf /fVg] ul/G5 . s'g} klg s'/fsf] k"0f{ ?kdf cWoog ug{sf] nflu kof{Kt dfqfdf ;|f]t / ;fwgsf ;fy} ;dosf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ;|f]t, ;fwg / ;dosf] lqsf]0ffTds ;dGjo ug{ ;s]df dfq cWoog k"0f{ / Jofks x'g hfG5 .

kof{Kt dfqfdf ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] ;fy} ;dosf] klg cefjsf] sf/0fn] lzIffzf:q ;+sfo :gfts tx t[tLo jif{sf] cEof; lzIf0f #(* kf7\of+zsf] cf+lzs cfjZostf k"/f ug{sf nflu >L  zf/bf pRr df=lj ljBfnosf] cWoognfO{ ;Lldt ul/Psf] 5 . h;df ljBfnosf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld, ljBfnosf] z}lIfs tyf jt{dfg cfly{s cj:yf cflbnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .  

v08–@

ljBfnosf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld M

h'g;'s} ;+3–;+:yfx?n] cfkm" hGd]b]lv jt{dfg ;do;Dd cfˆg} vfn] Oltxf; af]s]sf] x'G5 . o;}u/L sf7df08f} dfxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= (  >L zf/bf  pRr df=lj ljBfno  cjl:yt o; >L zf/bf pRr dflj  ljBfnon] klg cfˆg} lsl;dsf] uf}/jdo Oltxf; af]s]sf] 5 . o; ljBfnosf] :yfkgf u/L uf}/jdo Oltxf; sfod ug{ a'l4lhjL, ljBfno ;~rfng ;ldlt, lzIfs, lzlIfsf tyf ljBfyL{ ju{sf] 7"nf] of]ubfg 5 eg] pxfFx?n] :yfkgf sfndf cToGt} uDeL/ ;d:ofx? klg ef]Ug' k/]sf] lyof] .

>L zf/bf pRr dflj ljBfno sf7df08f} dfxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ltnu+uf Po/kf]6 glhs >L zf/bf pRr dflj laBfnodf kb{5 . o; ljBfnosf] :yfkgf lj=;+= !(&^ ;fndf kz'ktL b]jgfyl:yt s'nfgGbsf] ;Ttfdf ;+:s[t ljifosf] Jofs/0f b]j cflwsf] cWoogcWofkgsf] pb]Zosf] ;d]t  k7gkf7g ug{] u/L zf/bf dL8Ln dflj :s'n :yfkgf eof] . oL b'j} ljBfnox?nfO{  Pp6} ;+:yfs ?kdf ah|w/df /xg] u/L ufeLof] . ljs|d ;+Djfb @)#( ;fndf zf/bf pRr dfjL ljBfnosf ?kdf ljsl;t o; ljBfnon] klxnf]kN6 @)$@ ;fndf cfKfgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ P;Pn;Ldf ;lDdlnt u/fof] . ^% k|ltzt ljBfyL{n] kxLnf] jif{ P;Pn;L k/LIff pQL0{f u/] .

;du| kz'ktL If]qsf] wfld{s Pjd\ k'/ftflTjs ;+/If0f ug]{ u/L a[xt u? of]hgf kz'ktL If]q jLsfz sf]zn] nfu' u/]k5L o; ljBfnonfO{ sf]zn] cfjZos ef}tLs k'j{fwf/sf] Joj:yf /xLt sf7df08f} dxfgu/kfnLsf ( tLnuudf :yfgGq0f u/Lof] . jLs|d ;+jfw @)%( ;fn ;fpg ! ut] b]vL of] ljBfnon] Joj:yfkg ;+sfo cGtu{t sIff !! sf] k7gkf7g ;+rfnfg u/]sf] 5 . 

k/LIffsf] Hof]tL ;+3} pHofnf] x'G5 eGg] egfO{nfO ;fy{s t'NofP/ o; ljBfnon] cfKfm\gf] z}IfLs hutnfO{ ;;St ?kdf cuf9L a9fO/x]sf] 5 . oxfF pRr z}IfLs pknJwL xf;Ln u/fpgdf k|wfgfWofks nufos hDdf 5lTt; hgf zLIfs zLIfLsfx?n] ;s|Lo of]ubfg lb/fVg' ePsf] 5  eg] sl/j $^) hgf ljBfly{x? ;s|Lo ;xeflu eP/ zLIffsf] pHHofnf] k|sfz nLO{ /fv]sf 5g\ . laxfg ^ ah]b]vL !) ah];Dd +2  / laxfg ;f9] b; b]vL rf/ ah];Dd k|fydLs, gLDg dfWodLs / dfWolds sIffx? ;+rfng x'g] ub{5g\ . efjL lbgdf +2  dfKfm{t zLIff / dfgjLsLsf sIffx? kgL ;+rfng u/L b]zsf nfuL cfjZos hgzQmL pTkfbg ug{] ;d]t nIo /fvLPsf] 5 .

ljBfnosf] ef}lts cj:yf M

s'g}klg ;+3;+:yfsf] cWoog ug]{ ;jfndf To; ;+:yfsf] ef}lts cj:yfsf] klg cWoog ug'{ lgtfGt cfjZos 5 lsgsL ef}lts cj:yf leq To; ;+:yfsf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf, ejg / jt{dfg j:t'ut l:yltsf] ;Dk"0f{ s'/fx? kb{5g\ . o;/L x]bf{ o; >L zf/bf pRr dflj  ljBfnosf] ef}lts cj:yf leq ljBfno ejg / sIffsf]7f, kmlg{r/, sIffsf]7fdf k|sfz / xfjfsf] cfudg, vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf, v]nd}bfgsf] cj:yf, zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf h:tf s'/fx? kg{ cfpF5g\ . t;y{ o; ljBfnosf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{sf nflu o;sf] ef}lts cj:yfnfO{ o;/L cWoog ul/Psf]] 5 .  

!= ef}uf]lns cj:yf M

       sf7df08f} dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( ltnu+ufdf  cjl:yt Ps ;fwf/0f ejg / Ps ;fgf] v]n d}bfg ePsf] ljBfno >L zf/bf pRr dflj = xf] . o;sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? Tolt Jojl:yt 5}gg\ / o;sf] If]qkmn klg ;fgf] /x]sf] 5 . o; ljBfnodf ltnu+uf jl/kl/sf ljBfyL{x? cWoog ub{5g\ . o; ljBfnodf k|fylds , k"j{k|fylds , lg=df=lj= / df=lj sIffx? lbpF;f] ;~rfng x'G5g\ eg] p=df=lj= txsf sIffx? ljxfgLkv ;~rfng x'G5g\ . o; ljBfnodf g]kfnsf ljleGg e"–efudf a:g] ljleGg hghfltsf afnaRrfx? cWoog ug]{ ub{5g\ . of] ljBfnosf] sIffx? tLgtNn] ejgsf] klxnf] / bf];|f]tnfdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf 5g\ . of] ljBfno ;]/fkm]/f]sf] jftfj/0f  zfGt / ;kmf 5 .

;fdflhs cj:yf M

       o; ljBfnosf] ;fdflhs cj:yfnfO{ cWoog ubf{ ljz]if u/L o; ljBfnodf k9\g cfpg] afnaflnsfx? cfly{s cj:yf Go"g ePsf unF}rf sf/vfgf / ejg lgdf0f{df sfd ug]{ Hofnfbf/L dhb'/sf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ;+Vof g} cToflws /x]sf] 5 . ctM oxL ;Gbe{nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ljBfnon] ljBfyL{x?sf] ;d:ofnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd dfq ePklg ;dfwfg ug{sf] nflu klxn] b]lv g} pQm ljBfnodf k9\b} cfO/x]sf afnaflnsfx?n] cfˆgf] e/df jflif{s k/LIff ;Dd ug{ kfpg] / egf{ gub}{ klg ljBfnodf pkl:yt eO{ cWoognfO{ ;'rf? ?kn] cl3 a9fpg ;Sg] nlrnf] Joj:yf ul/lbPsf] 5 .

#= ljBfnosf] ejg tyf sIffsf]7f M

       k|efjsf/L lzIf0f l;sfOsf] nflu ljBfno ejg Ps k|d'v s'/f xf] . ;'–Jojl:yt 9Ën] lzIf0f sfo{ ;~rfng u/L ljBfyL{x?nfO{ dgf]j}1flgs ?kn] cfw'lgs, ;do ;'xfpFbf] / Jojxfl/s lzIff k|bfg ug{sf] nflu /fd|f] ejgsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ejg lgdf{0f ubf{ ;Defljt ljBfyL{ ;+Vof / pd]/nfO{ klg ljrf/ ug'{kb{5 . o;/L x]bf{ o; ljBfnosf] Pp6f ejg, ;f] ejgdf @& j6f sf]7fx?, &  j6f ;]tf] kf6L /x]sf 5g\ .

$= ljBfnodf /x]sf kmlg{r/ M

ljBfno ;~rfng ug{ ljleGg lsl;dsf kmlg{r/x? h:t} 6]j'n, s';L{, b/fh, j]Gr / 8]S; cflb x''g' cfjZos 5 / ;f]xL cg'?k lzIf0f l;sfO lqmofsnfk ;~rfngfy{ o; >L zf/bf pRr df jLdf  klg /x]sf kmlg{r/x? tnsf] tflnsfdf b]vfOPsf]

5 .

8]S;sf] ;+Vof	j]Grsf] ;+Vof	6]a'nsf] ;+Vof	s';L{sf] ;+Vof	b/fhsf] ;+Vof
@)&	@)&	!)	!*	*

%= sIffdf xfjf tyf k|sfzsf] cfudg M

lzIf0f l;sfO lqmofsnfk k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu sIffsf]7f pHofnf] / xfjf cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ ug]{ vfnsf] x'g'kb{5 . o;/L x]bf{ >L z/bf pRr df=lj  sf] sIffsf]7fx? kof{Kt dfqfdf pHofnf / xfjf l5g]{ u/L lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ .

^= vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf M

vfg]kfgL ;j}sf] nflu / ;a} 7fpFdf ckl/xfo{ ePsf]n] ljBfnonfO{ klg ;'Jojl:yt ?kdf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu ;kmf vfg]kfgLsf] cfjZostf :ki6 5 . ljBfyL{sf] rfk cg';f/ ;kmf vfg]kfgL / wf/fx?sf] Joj:yf x'g' clt h?/L 5 . o;/L x]bf{ o; ljBfnodf $ j6f wf/fsf] cefj  /x]sf 5g\ t/ vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgaf6 ljt/0f ePsf wf/fx? To;dfly ljBfno ;dodf kfgLsf] cfk'lt{ gx'g] ePsf]n] hDdf ug]{ 6\ofÍL ePklg kfgLsf] cfjZostf kl/k'lt{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;}n] oxfF vfg]kfgLsf] /fd|f] Joj:yf 5 eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . o;sf] nfuL ljBfyL{x?n] cfKfm}n] kfgLsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg{] ;d:of kgL b]vLPsf] 5 .  

&= v]n d}bfgsf] cj:yf M

slnnf afnaflnsfx?sf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu v]n ckl/xfo{ 5 lsgsL pgLx? h] lqmofsnfk ub{5g\ v]ns} ?kdf ug]{ ub{5g\ . pgLx?sf] nflu v]n hlt Kof/f] c? s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . o;/L afnaflnsfx?sf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, ;fdflhs, ;+j]ufTds Pjd\ eflifs ljsf;sf] nflu ;a} eGbf 7"nf] e"ldsf v]ns"bn] g} v]Ng] ePsf]n] ljBfnodf v]ns"b d}bfgsf] cfjZostf :ki6 5 . o;/L x]bf{ o; >L z/bf pRr dfljdf  /x]sf] ;fgf] v]n d}bfg 5 ,Tof]] ljBfyL{sf] rfk cg';f/ lgofNbf ;fgf] If]qkmnsf] / v]n v]Ngsf] nflu x]bf{ ;'/lIft gePsf] dxz'; x'G5 . ;fy} ;f] v]n d}bfg cfkm\gf] geO{ ef8fdf k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 .

*= zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf M

ljBfnosf] ef}lts ;+/rgfdf kg]{ zf}rfnosf] klg /fd|f] Joj:yf x'g' h?/L 5 . o;/L x]bf{ o; >L zf/bf pRr=df=lj=df lzIfs lzlIfsfx?sf] nflu Pp6f / ljBfyL{x?sf] nflu !) j6f zf}rfnox? /x]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{x?sf] nflu /x]sf] b'O{j6f zf}rfno dWo] % 5fqx?sf] nflu / % 5fqfx?sf] nflu 5 . ljBfyL{x?sf] rfknfO{ dWogh/ ubf{ oL zf}rfno ;+Vofx? cfjZostf cg'?k gePsf] dxz'; x'g cfpF5 .

(= ljB't tyf ;~rf/sf] Joj:yf M

s'g}klg ljBfno lzIfs, ljBfyL{ / ;d'bfosf] lqsf]0ffTds ;'dw'/ ;DaGwaf6 dfq} k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng x'g ;S5 . ljBfnosf ljleGg k|zf;lgs Pjd\ cGo z}lIfs ultljlw ;~rfngsf] nflu ljB't tyf ;~rf/sf] /fd|f] Joj:yf x'g' h?/L 5 . o; ljBfnodf /x]sf] ljB't ;]jf / Ps ;]6 6]lnkmf]g x]bf{ ljB't tyf ;~rf/sf] Joj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs dfGg ;lsG5 .

!)= k':tsfno / k|of]uzfnfsf] Joj:yf M

ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{{ ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx? / cGo 1fgsf] nflu tyf ul0ft, lj1fg ljifosf] k|of]ufTds kl/If0f u/L 1fg, ;Lk / clej[lQ a9fpg] sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ljBfnodf Pp6f k':tsfno / Pp6f k|of]uzfnfsf] Joj:yf x'g' ckl/xfo{ 5 . o;nfO{ klg ljBfnosf] ef}lts kIf leq g} x]g]{ ul/G5 . k':tsfno / k|of]uzfnfsf] s'/f ug'{ kbf{ o; ljBfnodf Pp6f k':tsfnosf] sf]7f lgdf0f{ x''b} 5 / k|of]uzfnfsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ tx cg';f/sf ;fdfu|Lx? ePtf klg 5'§} sf]7fsf] Joj:yf eg] 5}g . sfd rnfpgsf] nflu sIffsf]7fd} pQm ;fdfu|Lx? k|of]u ug{ eg] ;lsg] cj:yf 5 .  

v08–#

ljBfnosf] ;+u7gfTds tflnsf Pj+d cfly{s cj:yf

!= ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt M

ldlt @)^& ;fn efb| @! ut] k'g{u7g ePsf] gofF ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/sf dxfg'efjx? /xg' ePsf] 5 M

qm=;+=	Gffdy/	Kb
!=	>L 8f uf]jLGb k|zfb 9sfn	cWoIf
@=	>L gj/fh nfdL5fg]	;b:o
#=	>L zq'3g k'8fz}gL	;b:o
$=	>L ef]nf ;L6f}nf	;b:o
%=	>L j8f ;rLj sfdkf­ (	;b:o
^=	>L wg]Gb| nfld5fg]	;b:o
&=	>L /ljnf]rg nfld5fg]	;b:o ;lrj
*=	>L 8f= xl/fdg k|wfg	;b:o
(=	>L kf;fª ljZjsdf{	;b:o
!)=	>L xl/x/ e08f/L	;|f]t JoQmL
!!	>L tLy{ k|;fb k/fh'nL	ljBfno gLl/Ifs
!@	>L sL/0f uf}td	pRRf dfWolds ljBfno ;+of]hs

@= ljBfyL{ ljj/0f @)^&

s'g}klg z}lIfs ;+:yf ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng x'gsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ tTjx? dWo ljBfyL{ klg Ps xf] . xfn o; ljBfnodf hDdf $^) ljBfyL{x? cWoog/t 5g\ . ljBfyL{

;+Vofsf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L tnsf] tflnsf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

sIff	5fqf	5fq	hDdf	s}lkmot
Ps	^	&	!#
@	(	!@	@!
#	!)	!%	!@%
$	!!	(	@)
%	@%	@)	$%
^	!&	@&	$$
&	#@	@&	%(
*	@(	#!	^)
(	$)	#)	&)
!)	%&	$^	!)#
hDdf	@#^	@@$	$^)

hghftL hDdf       M #)#

blnt hDdf          M !%#

ckfË hDdf          M $

#=lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L ljj/0f  

o; >L z/bf pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf /xg' ePsf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ljj/0f tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

qm=;+=	lzIfssf] gfdy/	of]Uotf	cWofkg ug]{ ljifo	gLo'QmL
!=	k|.c >L vLnf]rg uf}td	lj sd	n]vf	:yfoL
@=	>L /fd]Zj/ uf}td	lj sd	nvf	c:yfoL
	>LdtL dGh' kGt	lj P	hg;+Vof	:yfoL
$=	>LdtL /]ljgf >]i7	lj P; ;L	lj1fg	:yfoL
%=	>L uf]ljGb k|;fb af:sf]6f	lj P	c+u|||]hL	:yfoL
^=	>LdtL hggL >]i7	lj P	;fdfhLs	:yfoL
&=	>L ls/0f uf}td	Pd lj P	n]vf cy{zf:q	:yfoL
*=	>L zLj k|;fb nfdL5fg]	lj P	g]kfnL	:yfoL
(=	>L 7fs'/ k|;fb l;Ub]n	lj P	c+u|]hL	:yfoL
!)=	>LdtL afnLsf uf}td	cfOP	hg;+Vof	:yfoL
!!=	>LdtL lbkfGhnL /fpt	cfOP8	c+u|]hL	c:yfoL
!@=	>L wg]Gb| nfdL5fg]	ljsd	u0fLt	:yfoL
!#=	>LdtL hoGtL g]kfn	cfOP	:jf:Yo	:yfoL
!$=	>LdtL gLd{nf zdf{	lj P	g]kfnL	c:yfoL
!%	>LdtL /fwf v/]n	ljP	g]kfnL	:yfoL
!^	>LdtL ;+uLtf k'8f;}gL	lj P	g]kfnL	c:yfoL
!&	>L qLnf]rg cfwLsf/L	lj P	g}tLs :jf:Yo	c:yfoL
!*	;'>L /Tgb]jL sdf{rfo{	P;Pn;L	u0Lt	c:yfoL
!(	>LdtL ejfgL kf7s	P;Pn:fL	u0Lt k|fylds	c:yfoL
@)	>L sdn s] ;L	lj P	;fdflhs	c:yfoL
@!	>L ejfgL l;6f}nf	lj P	k|fylds	:yfoL
@@	>L >LdtL OlGb/f kf08]	lj P	lj1fg	c:yfoL
@#	>LdtL OZj/L jfUn]	PdP	c+u|]hL	:yfoL
@$	>LdtL sdnf cfrfo{	P;Pn;L	k|fylds	:yfoL
@%	>LdtL ld/f /f0ff	cfO P8	k"j{+ Jofj;foLs	c:yfoL
@^	>L s]zj >]i7	lj P	;fdfhLs	:yfoL
@&	>LdtL dg >]i7	lj P	k|fylds	c:yfoL
@*	>L k'?iff]Qd sdf{rfo{	P;Pn;L	k|fylds	:yfoL
@(	>LdtL k|tLef >]i7	P;Pn;L	k|fylds	:yfoL
#)	>LdtL zf/bf >]i7	Pd lj P	;fdfhLs	:yfoL
#!	>LdtL ;/nf  sfkm\n]	cfO P	;fdfhLs	:yfoL
#@	>LdtL kfj{tL dNn	cfO sd	k|fylds	:yfoL
##	>LdtL ;a' l3ld/] e6\6/fO{	cfO  P	k|fylds	c:yfoL
#$	>LdtL /]Zdf uL/L	cfO P	k|fylds, ;fdfhLs	c:yfoL

$= cfl{y{s ljj/0f  M

o; >L z/bf pRr dfWoflds ljBfnosf] cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷)^& sf] cfly{s cj:yf lgDgfg';f/sf] tflnsfadf]lhd ePsf] kfOof] .

qm=;+=	cfDbfgL	/sd -?=df_	vr{sf zLif{s	/sd -?=df_
!=	g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg	#@()!@@	tnj eQf	#*#&!$^
@=	ljBfyL{ egf{ z'Ns	!*)#%%$	d;nGb tyf 5kfO{	@%!!)
#=	a}+s Aofh	$@)*(!	pTkfbg , gLhL	@@$^^!
$=	5fqj[tL jfktsf] cg'bfg	^(*^%	;|f]tsf] k/LIff, zLIf0f ;fdu|L	@(%#
%=	cGo nufgLaf6	#%(&*	:6]zg/L	*&))
^	gub df]hbft	)	v]ns'b tyf cGo	#%@^@(
&=	/fxt zLIfs sktsf]	)	ljBfyL{ 5fqj[tL	$@!^%
*	pcf jfktsf]	)	kf7\ok':tssf]	^@&&*
	hDdf	%^@)$!)	hDdf	$%%^!$@

;|f]t: ljBfno tYofÍsf] ljj/f0f Kfmf/d @)^^                  

%= ljBfyL{sf] z'Ns ljj/0f M

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf ;~rflnt o; >L zf/bf pRr dflj g]kfn ;/sf/sf] b/aGbLdf dfq sfo{/t sd{rf/L 5}gg\ . ljBfnosf] ljleGg cfGtl/s tyf afXo sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg Ps hgf sfof{no ;xof]uL klg o; ljBfnodf lghL ;|f]tdf sfo{/t x'g'x'G5 . pxfFsf] tna eQf tyf ;]jf;'ljwfsf] nflu ljBfyL{ cleefjsx? tyf ljleGg ;+3;+:yfaf6 ;xof]u :j?k aflif{s ?=!))) b]lv ?=!^)) ;Dd /sd ;+sng u/]sf] kfOof] . t/ ljBfyL{x?af6 dfl;s ?kdf lzIf0f z'Ns eg] ;/sf/L gLltcg'?k glnO{Psf] kfOof] .

v08–$

ljBfno ljsf;sf gLltx?M

afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;dfhdf ;dfof]hg x'g tyf c;n gful/s eP/ hLjg Joltt ug{sf[ nflu cfjZos 1fg / ;Lk k|bfg ug'{ g} ljBfnosf] k|d'v bfloTj xf] . o;sf] nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf / ;+nUgtf cfjZos kb{5 . ;s];Dd :yfgLo txdf pknAw dfgj zlQm, ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] clwstd pkof]u u/L k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkgaf6 ljBfyL{x?sf] l;sfO pknAwLdf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ Nofpg' / ljBfnonfO{ ;fd'bfoLs s]Gb| agfpg' ljBfnosf] k|d'v p2]Zo x'g'kb{5 . o;sf nflu o; >L z/bf pRr dfWoflds ljBfnon] /fv]sf]  nIo tyf p2Zox? lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M

!= nIox? M

§  ;fwf/0f afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;do ;'xfpFbf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug]{ .

§  l;sfO pknAwLdf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf ljsf; ug{ cfjZos z}lIfs tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? tof/ kfg]{ .

§  ;d'bfo;Fu ;dGjo u/L ljBfno;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg of]hgfx? lgdf{0f tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

@= p2]Zox? M

§  ljBfyL{x?sf] l;sfO pknAwLdf j[l4 ug{ Jojxfl/s tyf k|of]ufTds lzIffnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] .

§   lzIf0f l;sfO{ lqmofsnfknfO{ Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg k|of]uzfnf tyf z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lx?sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

§  ljBfno / ;d''bfosf] ;DaGw ljsf; u/L cf–cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ .

§  @)&) ;Dddf p =df= lj= cGtu{t dfgljsL / lzIff ;+sfodf j[l¢ ug]{

§  u[x]0fL ljBfno ;~rfng ug]{

§  k~rjifL{o of]hgf cg'?k rnfpg]

§  cu|hL dfWodsf sIffx?sf] a[l4 ub} hfg]

§  cfkg} v]n d}bfgsf Joj:yf ug]{

#= sfo{qmd tyf /0fgLltx? M

o; >L zf/bf pRr dfWoflds ljBfnosf] sfo{qmd tyf /0fgLltx?nfO{ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . 

qm=;+=	sfo{qmd lqmofsnfk	/0fgLlt	pkof]lutf
!=	lzIf0f l;sfO lqmofsnfk p2]Zok"0f{, k|efsf/L, /f]rs, / ljBfyL{ s]lGb|t ug]{ .	tflnd ck|fKt tyf k|fKt lzIfs lzlIfsfx?nfO{ lzIf0f ljlw, z}lIfs ;fdfu|L 5gf]6 / k|of]u ;DaGwL tflnddf tyf k'gtf{hsLs/0f sfo{qmddf ;xefuL u/fpg] .	ljBfyL{x?sf] l;sfO pknlAwdf u'0ffTds j[l4 x'g] / ljBfyL{n] ljBfno 5f8\g] b/ 36\g] .
@=	ejg lgdf0f{nfO{ k"0f{tflbg] .	;d'bfodf ePsf ljBfyL{sf cleefjs tyf cGo;Fu cfly{s tyf ef}lts sfo{df ;xof]u lng] .	lzIf0f l;sfO lqmofsnfk ;~rfngsf] nflu ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfs b'j}nfO{ pko'Qm jftfj/0f tof/ x'g] .
#=	ljBfno / ;d'bfosf] ;DaGwdf lj:tf/ ug]{ .	lzIff w]/} dxTjk"0f{ / ljBfno ;femf ;DklQ ePsf]n] o;k|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L jf]w u/fpg] .	ljBfnonfO{ ;d'bfosf] s]Gb|sf] ?kdf :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] .

v08–%

ljBfnosf] z}lIfs cj:yf M

l

zIff ljgf s'g}klg /fi6«sf] ljsf; ug]{ sNkgf ;d]t ug{ ;lsFb}g t;y{ lzIffnfO{ /fi6« ljsf;sf] d]?b08 dflgG5 . lzIffn] dflg;sf] 1fg, ;Lk clej[l4 ug{ ;xof]u u5{ tyf dg / dlit:snfO{ lqmofzLn u/fO{ l;h{gfTds sfo{ ug{ cu|;/ u/fpF5 . To;}u/L s'g}klg ljBfnodf lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmof k|efjsf/L agfpg lzIfs lzlIfsfx?df ljleGg ljlwx? ;DaGwL 1fg Pjd\ lzIfs, ljBfyL{ / cleefjsx? jLrdf kf/:kl/s ;DaGw x'g' h?/L 5 . o:tf vfn] ;sf/fTds wf/0ff / alnof] ?kdf of]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]df dfq lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmofnfO{ lbuf] ?kdf k|efjsf/L agfpg ;lsG5 / lzIfs lzlIfsfx?sf] /rgfTds z}lIfs lqmofsnfkx?af6 dfq slnnf ljBfyL{x?sf] dlit:sdf Jojxfl/s ?kdf :yfoL kl/jt{g Nofpg ;lsG5 . ljBfnosf] d"n pb]Zo eg]sf] cfwf/e"t lzIffsf] dfkb08 k'/f ug]{ nIo lnPsf] 5 .

o; >L z/bf pRr dfWoflds ljBfnon] klg nfdf] ;dob]lv lzIffsf] pHhjn Hof]lt lkmhfpFb} h:tf] ;'s} c;xh kl/l:yltd klg ljrlnt geO{ ljleGg cf/f]x cj/f]x kf/ ub}{ cfhsf] of] cj:yfdf cfO{k'u]sf] 5 . u'0f:tl/o lzIff k|bfg ug]{ clek|fon] o; ljBfnon] ljleGg ;ldltx? lgdf{0f u/L sfo{ ljefhg u/]/ ;dGjofTds / k|efjsf/L 9Ën] cufl8 a9]sf] kfOG5 . o;}qmddf o; ljBfnon] u'0f:tl/o lzIff k|bfg ug{sf] nflu lzIf0f of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{, ljBfyL{ s]lGb|t ljlwnfO{ cToflws k|fyldstf lbg], 5nkmn Pjd\ cGt{lqmofTds / :jMkl/If0f ljlwx? k|of]udf NofPsf] kfOG5 .

       o; ljBfnon] pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgnfO{ pko'Qm lsl;dn] k|of]udf NofPsf] /  ljBfyL{ ;+Vof, sIffsf]7f / pknAw kmlg{r/x?jLrsf] plrt Joj:yfkg ul/Psf] kfOG5 .  pko'Qm 7fpFdf ;]tf]kf6Lx? /fv]/ ljBfyL{x?sf] rfknfO{ dWo]gh/ u/L l;sfO Jojl:yt u/]sf] kfOG5 . ljBfnodf ePsf bIf, tflnd k|fKt lzIfs lzlIfsfx?, nugzLn ljBfyL{x?, :tl/o / k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg Pjd\ bIf / ;Ifd k|zf;lgs g]t[Tjsf] sf/0f ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ljutsf t'ngfdf a9\b} uPsf] tYo d"NofÍgsf qmddf ;lhn} yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .

ljBfnodf slxn] lzIfs lzlIfsfx?sf tkm{af6 t slxn] ljBfyL{x?sf tkm{af6 ljleGg lsl;dsf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . a]nfa]nfdf ;Dd]ng, z}lIfs e|d0f, jfbljjfb k|ltof]lutf, xflh/Lhjfkm k|ltof]lutf, ufog k|ltof]lutf, jSt[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutf Pjd\ ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdx?sf] ;~rfng g} o;sf] HjnGt pbfx/0f xf] . o;/L o; ljBfnon] ljBfyLx?nfO{ sf]/f sfuhL 1fg dfq glbP/ /rgfTds sfo{x?df klg ;xefuL u/fO{ ;jf{lË0f ljsf;df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] /rgfTds Pjd\ 1fgaw{s sfo{qmdx? cfjZos dfqfdf ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . 

!=ljBfnosf] plQ0f{ / cg'lQ0f{ / ;+Vof M

o; ljBfnosf clwsf+z ljBfyL{x? ljkGg kl/jf/sf ;fy} dhb'/sf 5f]/f5f]/Lx? ePsfn] Pp6f sIffdf ;/b/ # b]lv % hgf;Dd lgoldt ljBfno gcfpg] u/]sf 5g . t} klg  o; ljBfnosf] plQ0f{ / cg'lQ0f{  ljBfyL{ ;+Vof yfxf kfpgsf] nflu @)^^ ;fnsf] jflif{s k/LIffkmnnfO{ tnsf] tflnsfaf6 cWoog ug{ ;lsG5 .

ljBfyL{sf] cf};t l;sfO{ pknAwL :t/

z}=;=@)^^ -sIff !–!)_

sIff	sIffsf] cf};t	g]kfnL	ul0ft		c+u|]hL		;fdflhs		lj1fg
Ps
b'O{
tLg
rf/
kfFr
5
;ft
cf7
Gff}+
bz
clgjfo{ ljifosf] dfq ljifout cf};t b]vfO{Psf] 5 .

@= z}lIfs af]em tyf lzIf0f ;fdfu|Lsf] cj:yf M

     o; ljBfnodf lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmofnfO{ p2]Zok"0f{, ljBfyL{ s]lGb|t, pko'Qm / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lx? txcg';f/ k|ofKt g} 5 . lzIfs lzlIfsf / ;d'bfosf ;Dk"0f{ kIf z}lIfs ;fd|uL k'/f ug{ k|of;/t b]lvG5 .  

#= o; ljBfnosf] ;an kIfx? M

o; >L z/bf pRr dfWoflds ljBfnosf] ;an kIfx?nfO{ a'Fbfut ?kdf tn k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

§  lzIfs lzlIfsf, sd{rf/Lx? / ljBfyL{x? cg'zfl;t, lgoldt, st{Jolgi7 / ;dosf] kl/kfngf ug]{ k|j[lQ ePsf

§  ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljBfno kf]iffssf] Joj:yf

§  pknAw jftfj/0f cg';f/ lzIf0f l;sfO pTs[i6

§  tflnd k|fKt lzIfs lzlIfsfx?

§  cfjZos z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lx?sf] Joj:yf

§  ljleGg cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] ;~rfng

§  ljleGg dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmdx?sf] ;~rfng

§  ljljw ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx?sf] Joj:yf

§  b}lgs u[xsfo{sf] /fd|f];Fu hfFr tyf kl/If0f ug'{

§  lzIfs lzlIfsfx?df cfk;L ;dembf/L / 5nkmn x'g'

§  kmlg{r/x?sf] k|ofKt Joj:yf /

§  ;d'bfodf /fd|f] ;DaGw

$= o; ljBfnosf] b'j{n kIfx? M

w]/} /fd|f kIfx? x'Fbfx'Fb} klg o; ljBfno b'j{n kIfx?af6 d'Qm x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o; ljBfnosf] b'j{n kIfx?nfO{ a'Fbfut ?kdf tn k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

§   ljBfno ejg lgdf0f{ sfo{ ;DkGg eOg;s]sf]

§  ljBfyL{x?sf] kf]iffs ;/;kmfOdf sdL

§  :jR5 lkpg] kfgLsf] cefj

§  rd]gf u[xsf] cefj

§  pko'Qm / cfjZos If]qkmnsf] v]n d}bfgsf] cefj

§  k|of]uzfnf / k':tsfnosf] nflu 5'§} sf]7fsf] cefj

§  ljxfgL sIff ;~rfng ;dodf ljBfno ;xof]uL sd{rf/Lsf] cefj

%=;'emfjx?M

dfly pNn]lvt ljBfnosf b'a[n kIfx?nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{sf nflu lgDg sfo{x? ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

§  ljBfno ejgsf] lgdf0f{ rf8} ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{

§  :jR5 lkpg] kfgLsf] nflu j}slNks pkfo ckgfpg' kg]{

§  tfhf tyf :jR5 vfhfsf nflu ljBfnodf Pp6f rd]gf u[x ;~rfng ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{

§  v]n d}bfg Jojl:yt ug'{kg]{

§  k|of]uzfnf / k':tsfnosf nflu 5'§} sf]7fx?sf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{

§  rkL{x?sf] Joj:yfkg

§   ljBfnosf] ef}lts Joj:yfkg pko'Qm ug'{kg]{

§   ljxfgL sIff ;~rfng ;dodf Ps hgf ljBfno ;xof]uL x'g'kg]{

^= lgisif{M

cfˆgf] :yfkgf sfnb]lv ljleGg cf/f]x / cj/f]x kf/ u/]/ cfPsf] o; ljBfnon] !@ cf}F j;Gt kf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . lj=;+=!(&^ ;fndf sf7df08f} dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( df ;'s'Daf;Lsf hfu?s :yflooaf;L / :yflgo a'l4lhjLx?sf] cu'jfO{df :yflkt of] ljBfnodf ;'?–;'?df ! / @ sIffx? dfq ;~rfng ePsf lyP . lj:tf/} cfly{s / z}lIfs ?kdf ;Ifd x'Fb} xfn p=df=lj= sIffx? ;~rfng ePsf] o; ljBfnodf d]/f] () lbgsf] cEof; lzIf0fsf] qmddf ;a} lzIfs / lzlIfsfx? ldng;f/, ;xof]uL, ;dembf/ / st{Jolgi7 kfPF . cfufdL lbgx?df ljBfyL{, ljBfno / ;d'bfosf] lqklIfo ;DaGw alnof] agfpFb} nugzLntfnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] o; ljBfnosf] eljZo ;'Gb/ b]lvG5 / eljiodf pTs[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn xf]; eGg] sfdgf ;lxt of] k|ltj]bg olx ;dfKt ub{5' .

wGojfb Û

     

k|:tf]tf

gfd M zf/bf v8\sf

;LDaf]n g M @!)$#%

SofDk; g+ M %!^    

/hLi6|]ifg g+

;fgf]l7dL SofDk;

eQmk'/  

 +

 
^= cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg M

;fgf]l7dL SofDk;, ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/  

5fq lzIfs tyf lzlIfsfx¿åf/f

>L zf/bf pRRf dflj  ;+o'Qm ¿kdf ;~rfng ul/Psf]

cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;DaGwL Ps k|ltj]bg– @)^&

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIff ;+sfo cGtu{{t tLg jif]{ lj=P8=sf] t];|f] jif{df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿n] !)) k"0ff{Ísf] lzIf0f cEof; ug'{kg]{ x'G5 / o;sf] cf+lzs cfjZostf k"/f ug{ Pp6f cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ;~rfng u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'kg]{ x'G5 . o;} qmddf xfdL ;fgf]l7dL SofDk;sf 5fq lzIfs / lzlIfsfx¿n] ldlt @)^& ;fn dl;+/ !& ut] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf o; >L zf/bf pRr dflj ^, &, * / (x?nfO xflh/Lhjfkm k|ltof]lutf sfo{qmd ;~rfng u¥of}F . ljBfyL{sf] 1fg, l;k / Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ lstfaL 1fg dfq kof{Kt gx'g] ePsf]n] ljut, jt{dfg / ;d;fdlos 1fgx¿ ;dfj]z u/L ;~rfng ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmd pT;fxhgs ;xeflutfsf ;fy ;DkGg eof] .

pQm ljBfnosf lzIfs lzlIfsfx¿;Fu ;Nnfx lnP/, ljBfyL{ 5gf]6 u/L sIff ^, &, * / ( af6 Pshgf u/L hDdf !^ hgf ljBfyL{sfnflu hDdf ljifout 1fgx¿sf] nflu *) j6f k|Zgx?  u/L b'O{ j6f k|Zgx¿ ;f]lwPsf] lyof] . o;/L ;~rfng ul/Psf] xflh/Lhjfkm k|ltof]lutfdf lgDgfg';f/sf ljBfyL{ ;d"xx¿n] lgDgfg';f/sf] :yfg k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf lyP .

:yfg	qm=;+=	ljBfyL{x¿sf] gfdy/	sIff	k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ
k|yd	!=	lbk]Gb| e§/fO{	(	!#
	@=	;h'{ ;dfn	*
	#=	;'/h >]i7	&
	$	/fh]Gb| uxt/fh	^
l4tLo	!=	/fgfz]/ /fO{	(	!@
	@=	;f]g' gflkt	*
	#	zld{nf Gof}kfg]	&
	$	lg/dfof tdfË	^
t[tLo	!=	ljgo rf}w/L	(	!!
	@	cflzif Gof}kfg]	*
	#	ljqmd v8\sf	&
	$	;+lutf k'/L	^
rt'y{	!=	;fu/ v8\sf	(	!)
	@	ljzfn nfdf	*
	#	?Ztd lg/f}nf	&
	$	;'/h >]i7	^

xflh/Lhjfkm sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf ljleGg :yfg k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿nfO{ o;} ljBfnosf lzIfs >L ls/0f uf}td Ho"af6 5f]6f] dGtJo ;lxt k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy;fy} o;} ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks >L /ljnf]rg nfld5fg] Ho"af6 sfo{qmdsf] ;fGble{stf, dxTj / cfjZostf af/] 5f]6f] dGtJo lbg] qmddf xfdL 5fq lzIfs lzlIfsfx¿sf] pQf]/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf ub}{ xfd|f] tkm{af6 k|bfg ul/Psf] dfofsf] ;fgf] lrgf] u|x0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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wGojfb  !